[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/co-bylo-znamo-jiz-davno\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/co-bylo-znamo-jiz-davno\/","headline":"Co bylo zn\u00e1mo ji\u017e d\u00e1vno","name":"Co bylo zn\u00e1mo ji\u017e d\u00e1vno","description":"Z\u00a0obdob\u00ed star\u00e9ho \u0158ecka poch\u00e1z\u00ed mnoho moudrosti, kterou dodnes vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me a kterou pova\u017eujeme za z\u00e1klad matematiky, fyziky a dal\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f, jako je filozofie a pr\u00e1vo. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0158ek\u016f vzd\u011blanc\u016f se v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu stal Archim\u00e9d\u00e9s. Ob\u010das se k\u00a0jeho jm\u00e9nu p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed ze Syrakus, podle jeho rodn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Anga\u017eoval se v\u00a0matematice, fyzice,...","datePublished":"2022-03-21","dateModified":"2023-05-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b70ca3e57a61efa655568ea1bab21ec867ae74beaf8b182b9ca53fe6fcb8cee7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b70ca3e57a61efa655568ea1bab21ec867ae74beaf8b182b9ca53fe6fcb8cee7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"pallo.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/archimedes-g86b8c91e0_640.png","url":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/archimedes-g86b8c91e0_640.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/co-bylo-znamo-jiz-davno\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":414,"articleBody":"Z\u00a0obdob\u00ed star\u00e9ho \u0158ecka poch\u00e1z\u00ed mnoho moudrosti, kterou dodnes vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me a kterou pova\u017eujeme za z\u00e1klad matematiky, fyziky a dal\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f, jako je filozofie a pr\u00e1vo. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0158ek\u016f vzd\u011blanc\u016f se v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu stal Archim\u00e9d\u00e9s. Ob\u010das se k\u00a0jeho jm\u00e9nu p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed ze Syrakus, podle jeho rodn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Anga\u017eoval se v\u00a0matematice, fyzice, astronomii i filozofii. Ve v\u0161ech t\u011bchto oborech dos\u00e1hl velk\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f a jeho poznatky oce\u0148ujeme i dnes. V\u00a0matematice se dostal a\u017e k\u00a0objev\u016fm, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1le pozd\u011bji vedly k\u00a0integr\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u010dt\u016fm, dok\u00e1zal vypo\u010d\u00edtat d\u00e9lku kru\u017enice a velmi p\u0159esn\u011b odhadl hodnotu \u010d\u00edsla p\u00ed. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed si snad je\u0161t\u011b vzpomenou na doby ve \u0161koln\u00edch lavic\u00edch a z\u00e1klady hydrostatick\u00e9 fyziky. Ji\u017e na druh\u00e9m stupni z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly se prob\u00edr\u00e1 Archim\u00e9d\u016fv z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd popisuje hydrostatickou s\u00edlu p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na t\u011bleso v\u00a0kapalin\u011b. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nejen d\u00edky sv\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bch\u016fm na poli v\u011bdy, ale tak\u00e9 za\u00a0sv\u00e9 vyn\u00e1lezy si z\u00edskal \u00factu. Zn\u00e1m\u00fd je jeho objev \u0161nekov\u00e9ho \u010derpadla, kter\u00e9 bylo nainstalov\u00e1no na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed starov\u011bkou lo\u010f Syrak\u00fasia. Zaj\u00edmal se i o bojov\u00e9 stroje, kter\u00e9 byly na z\u00e1klad\u011b jeho n\u00e1kres\u016f v\u00a0modern\u00ed dob\u011b sestaveny. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee tyto p\u0159edm\u011bty byly funk\u010dn\u00ed, a dokonce velmi dob\u0159e propracovan\u00e9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jak u\u017e to u velk\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 s\u00a0jeho \u017eivotem i smrt\u00ed se poj\u00ed legenda. Prvn\u00ed pov\u011bst se t\u00fdk\u00e1 doby, kdy\u017e se Archim\u00e9d\u00e9s zab\u00fdval hydrostatikou fyzikou a objevoval vztlakovou s\u00edlu. Poprv\u00e9, kdy\u017e jej my\u0161lenka o s\u00edle napadla, bylo to v\u00a0moment\u011b, kdy vch\u00e1zel do hork\u00e9 koupele a v\u0161iml si, jak se zv\u00fd\u0161ila hladina. V\u00a0ten moment vysko\u010dil a b\u011bhal po ulic\u00edch nah\u00fd a k\u0159i\u010d\u00edc\u00ed: \u201eHeur\u00e9ka!\u201c tedy \u201eNalezl jsem!\u201c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Druh\u00e1 pov\u011bst mluv\u00ed o jeho smrti. Je potvrzen\u00e9 to, \u017ee zem\u0159el b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 punsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kdy\u017e byly dobyty Syrakusy. Archim\u00e9d\u00e9s pr\u00fd tehdy odm\u00edtl n\u00e1sledovat \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka ven z\u00a0m\u011bsta, dokud nedokon\u010d\u00ed matematick\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Tento odpor voj\u00e1ka rozzu\u0159il a Archim\u00e9da na m\u00edst\u011b zap\u00edchl.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         3.5\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Co bylo zn\u00e1mo ji\u017e d\u00e1vno","item":"https:\/\/www.pallo.cz\/co-bylo-znamo-jiz-davno\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]